**Kollision ved Ladbroke Grove [[5. oktober]] [[1999]]** ====== Kollisionen ====== Kollisionen skete 08.09 frontalt mellem et [[Thames Train]] 3-vogns class 165, der var afgået fra [[London Paddington]] og det modkørende [[First Great Western]] High Speed Train (HST) (8 vogne med et [[diesellokomotiv]] i hver ende) på vej mod London Paddington. 31 personer omkom som følge af kollisionen, 227 blev alvorligt kvæstet (behandlet på hospitaler) og yderligere 296 blev lettere kvæstet. Kollisionsstedet var ved [[Ladbroke Grove Junction]] ca. 4 km vest for London Paddington. Kollisionen skete stort set frontalt med en samlet hastighed på ca. 205 km/t. Ved kollisionen blev den forreste vogn i Thames Train 0806 fra Paddington til [[Bedwyn, Wiltshire]] ((ført Michael Hodder)) blev fuldstændig knust og togets dieseloliebeholdning blev antændt og forårsagede flere brande i vragene, især i den forreste vogn i det modkørende tog. Vognen udbrændte fuldstændigt. ====== Ulykkesårsag ====== Som den umiddelbare årsag til ulykken blev det fastslået, at lokomotivføreren (Hodder) på Thames Train 0806 563 meter før kollisionen passerede signal SN109, mens dette viste rødt lys ("stop"). Den offentlige høring (undersøgelse), der over det næste år gennemførtes af [[historie:Lord Cullen of Whitekirk|Lord Cullen]] påviste imidlertid adskillige bagvedliggende faktorer, bla.: * Thames Trains uddannelse af lokomotivførere (Hodder var blevet færdiguddannet 2 måneder før ulykken) * [[Railtrack]] (ansvarlig for vedligeholdelse af spor og signaler), der ikke havde reageret tilstrækkeligt på at der havde været 8 [[signalforbikørsel|signalforbikørsler]] af SN109 i de foregående 6 år hhv. ikke havde reageret på lokomotivførernes klager over [[signalsynlighed|dårlig synlighed på flere signaler]] - især SN109. * [[Health and Safety Executive]] ([[Railway Inspectorate]] blev kritiseret for dets tilsynsprocedurer og * Railtrack personale ved [[fjernstyringscentral]]en i Slough blev kritiseret for ikke at have sendt "nødstop" pr. radio så snart det blev klart at SN109 blev passeret i "stop". (De ventede at toget ville standse kort efter signalet, som det havde været tilfældet ved de tidligere signalforbikørsler ved SN109 - det er ikke klart om det radiosignal der blev sendt, blev modtaget før kollisionen 33 sekunder senere). ====== Se også: ====== [[historie:Lord Cullen of Whitekirk|Lord Cullen]] [[Jernbaneulykker]] ====== Externe Links ====== *[http://www.hse.gov.uk/railways/paddrail/lgri1.pdf Ladbroke Grove Rail Inquiry Part 1 Report] (3 MB pdf file) - Description of the accident and investigation *[http://www.hse.gov.uk/railways/paddrail/lgri2.pdf Ladbroke Grove Rail Inquiry Part 2 Report] (1.3 MB pdf file) - Recommendations *[http://www.hse.gov.uk/railways/paddrail/ladbroke.pdf Health and Safety Executive Report] (4.2 MB pdf file) * [http://web.archive.org/web/20000312181821/http://stop.at/signal.109 Stop at Signal 109] - a website which lambasted Great Western Trains ====== The disaster site ====== The disaster occurred at the point where the main line from London to South Wales and the West of England switches from two lines in each direction, carrying fast and slow trains, to multiple lines signalled to allow trains to travel in either direction, in and out of the platforms of Paddington Station. The track layout had been modified in this way by [[British Rail]] in the early 1990s, but the line had subsequently been electrified to allow the new [[Heathrow Express]] service to operate from 1994, and the new overhead power lines obstructed the view of various signals. Signal SN109 had a particularly restricted view as there was a road bridge over the railway line a few hundred metres before the gantry on which SN109, together with four other signals, was mounted. The design of signal SN109 was non-standard, in that it was shaped like a reversed "L", with the red lamp on the horizontal arm rather than near the top of the signal as is standard, and it is thought that this, together with the bright sun rising in the east behind the train and shining directly into the signal lenses may have misled the inexperienced Driver Hodder into thinking that the signal was showing a proceed aspect. The On-Train Data Recorder showed that he had reacted correctly to earlier caution signals. This was the second major accident on the Great Western Main Line in just over two years, the other being the [[Southall rail crash]] of September 1997, just a few miles further west, and this severely damaged public confidence in the safety of [[Rail transport in the United Kingdom|Britain's privatised railway system]]. On [[April 5]] [[2004]], Thames Trains was fined a record £2,000,000 for violations of health and safety law in connection with this accident. ==List of fatalities== The following people lost their lives in the Ladbroke Grove disaster: :Charlotte Andersen, 32, from [[Stillwater, Oklahoma|Stillwater, OK]], USA, resident in London, international products manager. :Derek Antonowitz, 25, from [[South Africa]], resident in [[Willesden Green]], London, computer consultant. :Anthony Beeton, 47, Civil Servant in the [[Northern Ireland]] Office. :Ola Bratlie, 26, from [[Gavdik]], [[Norway]], telecommunications engineer. :Roger Brown, 44, from east London, software engineer. :Jennifer Carmichael, 22, from [[Newbury, Berkshire]], bar worker. :Brian Cooper, 52, from [[Hayes, Hillingdon|Hayes]], [[Middlesex]], ''(Driver of the HST)'' :Robert Cotton, 41, of [[Dursley]], [[Gloucestershire]], school caretaker and trade union official. :Sam Di Lieto, 24, from [[Bloomsbury, London|Bloomsbury]], central London. :Shaun Donoghue, 45, of [[New Cross]], London, statistician. :Neil Dowse, 39, from [[Forest Hill, London]], sheet-metal worker. :Cyril Elliott, 41, from [[Beckenham]], [[Kent]], management consultant. :Fiona Grey, 33, from [[Dumbarton]], IT consultant. :Juliet Groves, 27, from [[Shepherd's Bush]], west London, accountant. :Sun Yoon Hah, 25, of London, barrister. :Michael Hodder, 31, from [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]], Berkshire, ''(Driver of the Thames Train)'' :Elaine Kellow, 24, of Paddington, IT worker. :Martin King, company director. :Antonio Lacovara, 24, from [[Hither Green]], London, graphic designer. :Rasak Ladipo, 33, from [[Muswell Hill]], London, computer expert. :Matthew Macaulay, 26, from [[New Zealand]] living in [[Clapham]], S. London, information technician. :Delroy Manning, 39, from [[Lewisham]], plasterer. :John Northcott, 24, from [[Leyton]], east London, IT worker. :John Raisin, 61, from [[Painswick]], [[Gloucestershire]], recruitment consultant. :David Roberts, 35, of [[Swindon]], [[Wiltshire]]. :Allan Stewart, 28, from [[Auckland, New Zealand|Auckland]], New Zealand, resident in [[Fulham]], accountant. :Khawar Tauheed, 44, from [[Romford]], Essex, microbiologist. :Muthulingam Thayaparan, 26, of [[Tooting]], south London. :Andrew Thompson, 52, from [[Colchester]], Essex. :Bryan Tompson, 61, from [[Cirencester]], Gloucestershire, freelance engineer. :Simon Wood, 40, from [[Liss]], Hampshire, charity project worker. ==Dramatisation== On [[20 September]] [[2005]], [http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2002/06_june/20/railways.shtml Derailed], a 90-minute drama programme based on the events at Ladbroke Grove, was aired on [[BBC1]]. This dramatisation was heavily criticised in the railway press, with the editor of ''Rail'' magazine (Nigel Harris) describing it as a "trashy piece of subjective story-telling" (issue 523). The programme itself stated that the chronology of actual events had been changed, and some scenes fabricated to "add clarity".